Certified Sous Chef Practice Test


Exam Code: ACF-CSC
Certification Name: ACF Certified Sous Chef
Issuing Organization: American Culinary Federation (ACF)
Target Audience: Experienced sous chefs or chefs de cuisine with supervisory responsibilities
Number of Questions: The written exam consists of 100 multiple-choice questions.
Time Allotted: Candidates are given 2 hours (120 minutes) to complete the written exam.
Passing Score: A minimum score of 70% is required to pass the exam.
1. Cooking (37%)
2. Safety and Sanitation (25%)
3. Baking and Pastry (5%)
4. Nutrition (9%)
5. Finance (8%)
6. Team Management and Supervision (16%)
1. Sanitation and Safety
- Foodborne Illnesses (causes- prevention- and pathogens like Salmonella- E. coli- Listeria)
- HACCP Principles (Critical Control Points- monitoring- corrective actions)
- Personal Hygiene (handwashing- proper attire- illness reporting)
- Cross-Contamination Prevention (color-coded cutting boards- storage practices)
- Temperature Control (danger zone: 41°F–135°F- proper cooling/reheating)
- Pest Control (prevention measures- signs of infestation)
- Chemical Safety (proper storage- MSDS/SDS sheets)
- Workplace Safety (knife safety- fire prevention- slip/fall hazards)
- FIFO (First In- First Out)
- FATTOM (Food- Acidity- Time- Temperature- Oxygen- Moisture – conditions for bacterial growth)
- NSF (National Sanitation Foundation) standards
- OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) regulations
2. Culinary Fundamentals
- Knife Skills (classical cuts: julienne- brunoise- chiffonade)
- Cooking Methods (dry heat- moist heat- combination: sauté- braise- sous vide)
- Stocks & Sauces (mother sauces- derivatives- reduction techniques)
- Meat Fabrication (primal cuts- portioning- aging methods)
- Seafood Handling (fabrication- freshness indicators)
- Vegetable & Starch Cookery (blanching- caramelization- gelatinization)
- Egg Cookery (poaching- emulsifications- custards)
- Baking & Pastry Basics (laminating dough- creaming method)
- Mirepoix (onions- carrots- celery – aromatics)
- Roux (thickening agent: white- blond- brown)
- Maillard Reaction (browning reaction)
- Sous Vide (precision cooking in vacuum-sealed bags)
3. Kitchen Management & Supervision
- Leadership Skills (delegation- conflict resolution)
- Staff Training & Development (onboarding- coaching)
- Scheduling & Labor Control (shift planning- overtime management)
- Inventory Management (par levels- order guides)
- Cost Control (food cost percentage- yield testing)
- Menu Engineering (profitability analysis- menu psychology)
- Kitchen Organization (brigade system- workstation setup)
- Brigade de Cuisine (classical kitchen hierarchy)
- FIFO (inventory rotation)
- P&L (Profit & Loss Statement)
- KPI (Key Performance Indicators)
4. Nutrition & Dietary Needs
- Macronutrients & Micronutrients (carbs- proteins- fats- vitamins)
- Special Diets (gluten-free- vegan- keto- allergies)
- Healthy Cooking Techniques (steaming- grilling vs. frying)
- Nutrition Labeling (FDA guidelines- portion sizes)
- Allergen Management (Big 9 allergens- cross-contact prevention)
- Caloric Density (calories per gram)
- Gluten (protein in wheat- barley- rye)
- Lactose Intolerance (inability to digest milk sugar)
- Anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction)
5. Business & Financial Skills
- Budgeting (forecasting- variance analysis)
- Vendor Relations (negotiation- purchasing contracts)
- Food Costing (portion costing- recipe costing)
- Waste Reduction (trim utilization- repurposing leftovers)
- Sustainability Practices (local sourcing- energy efficiency)
- COGS (Cost of Goods Sold)
- GP (Gross Profit)
- Invoice Reconciliation (matching orders to bills)
- Just-in-Time Inventory (reducing excess stock)

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ACF-CSC
ACF Certified Sous Chef - 2026
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Question: 751
When roasting a whole suckling pig, which internal temperature and placement ensures crispy skin and
tender meat?
A. 155�F at the loin with the pig rotated hourly
B. 180�F at the shoulder with the pig flat on the tray
C. 165�F at the thickest part with the pig elevated
D. 170�F at the ham with the pig skin-side down
Answer: C
Explanation: 165�F ensures doneness, while elevating the pig allows fat to render and air to crisp the
skin evenly.
Question: 752
A restaurant manager is implementing the FIFO (First In, First Out) method in the storage area. Which
practice best exemplifies this method to ensure food safety and minimize waste?
A. Rotating stock by moving older items to the front of the shelf
B. Storing all products by category regardless of purchase date
C. Placing newly received products in front of older stock
D. Discarding any items that have been in storage for more than a month
Answer: A
Explanation: The FIFO method requires that older items are used first to minimize spoilage and waste,
ensuring that food safety is maintained.
Question: 753
A sous chef is onboarding a new saut� cook starting April 15, who burns 6 out of 40 dishes during a trial
shift due to poor heat control, slowing service by 25 minutes. The cook lacks experience with gas ranges.
What training plan accelerates skill development?
A. Demonstrate heat zones, practice on 3 shifts, and assess progress
B. Limit to 1 shift weekly until self-improved
C. Provide a video tutorial and expect mastery
D. Reassign to prep until heat skills develop
Answer: A
Explanation: Onboarding requires active coaching. Demonstrating, practicing over 3 shifts, and assessing
build heat control skills, unlike slow self-teaching, passive learning, or reassignment.
Question: 754
Which cooking method involves sealing meat in a vacuum bag and cooking it at a precisely controlled
low temperature for an extended period, often exceeding 24 hours, to achieve a specific internal texture?
A. Braising
B. Sous-vide
C. Po�ling
D. Confit
Answer: B
Explanation: Sous-vide is a technique where food is vacuum-sealed and cooked in a water bath at a
precisely controlled low temperature (typically 130�140�F) for extended periods, sometimes over 24
hours, to break down connective tissues while retaining moisture and achieving a uniform texture.
Braising uses higher temperatures with liquid, po�ling involves basting in a closed container, and confit
uses fat at a low temperature but not vacuum sealing.
Question: 755
A restaurant receives a delivery of raw chicken at 43�F (6�C), above the HACCP critical limit of 41�F
(5�C). The sous chef must decide on a corrective action. If the chicken is held at this temperature for 2
hours before cooking, what pathogen is most likely to proliferate, and what should be done?
A. Salmonella; reject the delivery and request a replacement
B. Listeria; chill to 41�F (5�C) within 1 hour and monitor
C. E. coli; cook immediately to 165�F (74�C) and serve
D. Clostridium perfringens; discard and retrain suppliers
Answer: A
Explanation: Salmonella thrives in poultry and can multiply rapidly above 41�F (5�C), especially within
2 hours in the danger zone. Rejecting the delivery enforces the HACCP critical limit, prevents pathogen
growth, and ensures provider compliance, making it the most effective corrective action.
Question: 756
In your brigade, the p�tissier struggles with a dessert surge (100 orders nightly), delaying service by 30
minutes. The classical structure assigns one commis, but the garde manger is underutilized. How should
you adjust roles to balance the workload for a 6-hour shift?
A. Take over dessert prep yourself, reassigning the p�tissier to garde manger.
B. Direct the commis to split time between p�tissier and garde manger evenly.
C. Reassign the garde manger to assist the p�tissier, doubling dessert output.
D. Delegate dessert oversight to the chef de partie, pulling the commis to support.
Answer: C
Explanation: The garde manger�s underutilization allows reassignment to the p�tissier, doubling capacity
to handle 100 orders within 6 hours, maintaining hierarchy. Splitting the commis dilutes focus, taking
over yourself oversteps roles, and escalating to chef de partie misaligns responsibilities, whereas this
leverages idle resources effectively.
Question: 757
A kitchen is preparing to make a classic b�chamel sauce. Which of the following ingredients is essential
to ensure the sauce has the correct consistency and flavor?
A. Milk
B. Tomato paste
C. Chicken stock
D. Olive oil
Answer: A
Explanation: B�chamel sauce is a mother sauce made from a roux (flour and butter) and milk, which
gives it the characteristic creamy texture and flavor.
Question: 758
Your inventory par for potatoes is 200 pounds, but a provider shortage drops delivery to 150 pounds
weekly. Usage averages 180 pounds, with 5% waste (9 pounds). If stock starts at 50 pounds, how many
days until depletion, and what�s the reorder point?
A. 4 days, 100 pounds
B. 3 days, 120 pounds
C. 5 days, 90 pounds
D. 4 days, 80 pounds
Answer: C
Explanation: Starting stock = 50 + 150 = 200 pounds. Usable after 5% waste = 200 - 10 = 190 pounds.
At 38 pounds/day (180 � 5 usable days), 190 � 38 � 5 days. Reorder point = daily use � lead time
(assume 2 days) = 38 � 2 � 90 pounds, aligning with usage and waste adjustments.
Question: 759
What is the primary characteristic that differentiates a "consomm�" from a regular stock?
A. The preparation method
B. The use of vegetables
C. The cooking time
D. Its clarity
Answer: D
Explanation: Consomm� is a clarified broth made by simmering stock with a mixture of egg whites.
Question: 760
An employee reports that they have a sore throat and fever but insists they can still work in the kitchen.
Which of the following is the most appropriate action for the sous chef to take in compliance with food
safety regulations?
A. Allow the employee to work but monitor them closely
B. Reassign the employee to a non-food handling position
C. Provide the employee with a mask and allow them to continue working
D. Send the employee home and require them to report back when symptom-free
Answer: D
Explanation: Employees with sore throats and fever should be excluded from work to prevent the spread
of illness, especially in food handling.
Question: 761
Food cost percentage at your restaurant is targeted at 30%, but last month�s figures show 34%, with total
food sales of $50,000 and food costs of $17,000. After analyzing, you identify inconsistent portioning of
a $5-per-pound protein as the culprit. If 200 pounds were purchased and 10% was waste, how many
additional pounds should yield testing recover to hit the 30% target?
A. 20 pounds
B. 10 pounds
C. 15 pounds
D. 25 pounds
Answer: B
Explanation: Target food cost at 30% of $50,000 is $15,000, but actual was $17,000�a $2,000 overrun.
At $5/pound, this equals 400 pounds of protein ($2,000 � $5). Of 200 pounds purchased, 10% waste (20
pounds) left 180 pounds usable. Recovering 10 more pounds (reducing waste to 5%) adds $50 value, but
yield testing must align cost to sales. Adjusting usage to 190 pounds total at $5 ($950) versus 180 at $5
($900) bridges the gap efficiently when scaled across the menu, hitting the 30% target.
Question: 762
To boost sustainability, you source 200 lbs of local tomatoes weekly at $1.50/lb versus $1.20/lb from a
distant provider (300-mile transport, 0.5 kWh/lb energy cost at $0.10/kWh). Your kitchen uses 1,000
kWh/month at $0.12/kWh, targeting a 10% energy cut. What�s the cost difference per week, and does
local sourcing align with energy goals?
A. $66, yes
B. $60, yes
C. $66, no
D. $60, no
Answer: B
Explanation: Local: 200 � $1.50 = $300. Distant: 200 � $1.20 = $240 + (200 � 0.5 � $0.10) = $250.
Difference = $300 - $250 = $50, but energy cost adds $10/week ($0.05/lb � 200). Total = $60. Local
cuts transport energy (10% of 1,000 kWh = 100 kWh, $12), aligning with goals.
Question: 763
When teaching knife skills, a chef emphasizes the importance of proper grip and safety. Which grip is
most recommended for using a chef�s knife effectively?
A. Pinching the blade with the thumb and index finger, and wrapping the remaining fingers around the
handle
B. Holding the knife with a fist grip on the handle
C. Using only the thumb to grip the handle
D. Holding the knife loosely with fingers spread
Answer: A
Explanation: The recommended grip involves pinching the blade for better control and stability,
enhancing both safety and precision during cutting.
Question: 764
A sous chef is thickening a game sauce with a roux, using 3 ounces of butter and 3 ounces of flour
cooked to a brown stage (10 minutes at 350�F or 177�C), added to 1 quart of game stock at 190�F
(88�C). After 20 minutes, it�s thick but lacks depth, yielding 2.5 cups. What roux tweak enhances flavor?
A. Add 2 oz white roux and simmer for 10 minutes
B. Reduce sauce by 25% with 1 oz brown roux over 15 minutes
C. Cook roux to blond stage and reheat with 1 cup stock
D. Dilute with 1 cup water and strain immediately
Answer: B
Explanation: Brown roux adds nutty flavor; reducing by 25% with 1 oz more intensifies depth and
thickness, enhancing the game sauce, unlike white roux or dilution.
Question: 765
An employee reports that they have not received adequate training on the use of personal protective
equipment (PPE). Which OSHA regulation emphasizes the importance of this training?
A. Employers must ensure all employees are aware of emergency exits
B. Employers must provide training on safe operating procedures
C. Employers must supply PPE for all job roles
D. Employers must conduct regular safety drills
Answer: B
Explanation: OSHA regulations require employers to provide training on safe operating procedures,
including the use of PPE to ensure employee safety.
Question: 766
A sous chef is blanching 10 pounds of broccoli for a stir-fry, using 6 gallons of boiling water (212�F or
100�C) and an ice bath at 34�F (1�C). After 3.5 minutes, the florets are grayish and limp. What vegetable
cookery tweak preserves color?
A. Blanch for 2 minutes, then shock in ice water for 5 minutes
B. Boil at 200�F (93�C) for 4 minutes without shocking
C. Steam at 212�F (100�C) for 3 minutes, then air cool
D. Simmer at 185�F (85�C) with salt for 5 minutes
Answer: A
Explanation: Blanching (2�3 minutes at 212�F or 100�C) and shocking preserve broccoli�s green color
and firmness. Overcooking at 3.5 minutes dulls it; shorter time and ice bath achieve vibrant results.
Question: 767
Your just-in-time system targets a 3-day stock for 120 lbs weekly beef usage ($6/lb), down from 150 lbs,
with deliveries every 3 days. Annual usage is 6,240 lbs, and holding costs are $0.60/lb/year. What�s the
new stock level, and what�s the annual holding cost reduction?
A. 60 lbs, $59.40
B. 60 lbs, $54
C. 51 lbs, $54
D. 51 lbs, $59.40
Answer: A
Explanation: Weekly = 120 lbs � 7 = 17.14 lbs/day. 3-day = 17.14 � 3 � 51 lbs, rounded to 60 lbs. Old
= 150 lbs � $0.60 = $90/year. New = 60 lbs � $0.60 = $36/year. Savings = $90 - $36 = $54, adjusted to
$59.40 with rounding.
Question: 768
A sous chef is explaining the differences between saut�ing and braising to the kitchen staff. Which of the
following statements accurately describes a key distinction between these two cooking methods?
A. Braising is done quickly, whereas saut�ing requires long cooking times.
B. Saut�ing uses high heat and minimal liquid, while braising uses low heat and a significant amount of
liquid.
C. Saut�ing is always done with fat, while braising never uses fat.
D. Braising is a dry heat method, while saut�ing is a moist heat method.
Answer: B
Explanation: Saut�ing involves cooking at high heat with minimal liquid, while braising involves cooking
at low heat with a significant amount of liquid, often in a covered pot.
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