Kubernetes and Cloud Native Associate Practice Test

KCNA exam Format | Course Contents | Course Outline | exam Syllabus | exam Objectives

Number of Questions: Approximately 60-70 questions.
Question Types: Multiple-choice- multiple-select- and true/false.
Duration: 90 minutes (1.5 hours).
Passing Score: The passing score is not publicly disclosed by CNCF.
Language: English.
Delivery Mode: Online proctored exam.

- Kubernetes Architecture:
- Master node components (API Server- Scheduler- Controller Manager- etcd)
- Worker node components (kubelet- kube-proxy- container runtime)
- Cluster communication and networking

- Kubernetes Objects:
- Pods- Deployments- Services- ConfigMaps- Secrets- Namespaces
- ReplicaSets- StatefulSets- DaemonSets
- Jobs and CronJobs

- Kubernetes Operations:
- Basic kubectl commands (create- get- describe- delete- apply)
- Debugging and troubleshooting
- Resource management (requests- limits- quotas)

- Pod- Node- Cluster
- API Server- etcd- kubelet
- YAML- manifest files
- Declarative vs. imperative commands

- Container Basics:
- Containerization concepts (Docker- container images- registries)
- Container lifecycle (start- stop- restart)

- Orchestration Features:
- Scaling applications (manual and autoscaling)
- Rolling updates and rollbacks
- Self-healing and fault tolerance

- Networking and Storage:
- Kubernetes networking model (Pod networking- Services- Ingress)
- Persistent Volumes (PVs) and Persistent Volume Claims (PVCs)
- Storage Classes

- Docker- OCI (Open Container Initiative)
- Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA)
- ClusterIP- NodePort- LoadBalancer
- Ingress Controller- CNI (Container Network Interface)

- Cloud-Native Principles:
- Microservices architecture
- DevOps and CI/CD pipelines
- Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

- Cloud-Native Tools:
- Helm (package manager for Kubernetes)
- Prometheus (monitoring and alerting)
- Envoy (service proxy)
- Istio (service mesh)

- Cloud-Native Security:
- Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
- Network policies
- Secrets management

- Microservices- monoliths
- CI/CD- GitOps
- Helm charts- Istio sidecar
- RBAC- NetworkPolicy

- Design Principles:
- Scalability- resilience- and portability
- Twelve-Factor App methodology

- Deployment Strategies:
- Blue-green deployments
- Canary deployments
- A/B testing

- Observability and Monitoring:
- Logging- metrics- and tracing
- Tools like Fluentd- Jaeger- and Grafana

- Twelve-Factor App
- Blue-green deployment- Canary release
- Observability- tracing- metrics

- CNCF Projects:
- Overview of CNCF projects
- Kubernetes
- Prometheus
- Envoy
- Helm
- Graduated- incubating- and sandbox projects

- Open Source and Community:
- Contribution to open-source projects
- CNCF community and resources

- Multi-Cloud and Hybrid Cloud:
- Running Kubernetes across multiple clouds
- Hybrid cloud strategies

- CNCF landscape
- Graduated projects- incubating projects
- Multi-cloud- hybrid cloud

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Linux-Foundation
KCNA
Kubernetes and Cloud Native Associate (KCNA)
https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/KCNA
Question: 562
What is not semantic versioning?
A. 1.0.0
B. 2022-05-04
C. 1.0.0-alpha
D. 1.0.0-beta.2
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://semver.org/RegEx SemVer at https://regex101.com/r/vkijKf/1/
Question: 563
In Kubernetes, what is considered the primary cluster data source?
A. etcd (pronounce: esty-d)
B. api server
C. kubelet
D. scheduler
Answer: A
Explanation:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/components/#etcd
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Question: 564
What are the two goals of Cloud-Native?
A. Rapid innovation and automation
B. Slow innovation and stable applications
C. Frequent deployments and well-defined organizational silos
D. Rapid innovation and reliability
Answer: D
Explanation:
https://www.redhat.com/en/topics/cloud-native-apps
Question: 565
Which project in this list is a leading project in the observability space?
A. Jaeger
B. Vitess
C. Argo
D. Kubernetes
Answer: A
Explanation:
https://github.com/cncf/landscape#trail-map
Question: 566
What is scheduling in Kubernetes
A. Determining when to execute a cron-job
B. Assigning pods to nodes
C. Joining a new nodes to the clusters
D. Setting a time for automated tasks
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/
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Question: 567
Which of the following are characteristics of Statefulsets?
A. Ordered, graceful deployment and scaling
B. Creates replica sets
C. Uses headless services
Answer: A
Explanation:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/statefulset/
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Question: 568
Which control plane component is responsible for scheduling pods?
A. kube-proxy
B. kube scheduler
C. kubelet
D. kube api-server
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/components/
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Question: 569
What is a benefits of Kubernetes federation?
A. Avoids scalability limits on pods and nodes
B. Creates highly available clusters in different regions
C. Low latency
Answer: A,B,C
Question: 570
Which prometheus metric type represents a single number value that can increase and decrease over time?
A. Gauge
B. Histogram
C. Summary
D. Counter
Answer: A
Explanation:
https://prometheus.io/docs/concepts/metric_types/#gauge
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Question: 571
What is OPA?
A. Open Permission Agent
B. Online Policy Audit
C. Open Policy Agent
D. Offline Policy Accessor
Answer: C
Explanation:
https://www.cncf.io/projects/open-policy-agent-opa/
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Question: 572
Which of the following is not the part of Kubernetes Control Plane?
A. kube scheduler
B. etcd (pronounce: esty-d)
C. kube api-server
D. kube-proxy
Answer: D
Explanation:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/components/
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Question: 573
Which access control component of Kubernetes is responsible for authorization and decides what requestor is allowed
to do?
A. Service Account
B. Role-based access control �RBAC�
C. Deployment
Answer: B
Explanation:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/authorization/
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Question: 574
Which role is responsible of creating service level indicator �SLI�, service level objective �SLO�, & Service Level
Agreements �SLA�
A. Site reliability engineer �SRE�
B. DevOps
C. GitOps
D. Security and compliance engineer
E. Developer
Answer: A
Explanation:
https://www.atlassian.com/incident-management/kpis/sla-vs-slo-vs-sli
Text
Description automatically generated
Question: 575
Which is NOT a use case for the Kubernetes dashboard?
A. Troubleshooting any issues with applications
B. Managing running applications
C. Installing new Kubernetes cluster
D. Managing the entire Kubernetes cluster
Answer: C
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