Latest PDF of KCNA: Kubernetes and Cloud Native Associate (KCNA)

Kubernetes and Cloud Native Associate (KCNA) Practice Test

KCNA test Format | Course Contents | Course Outline | test Syllabus | test Objectives

Number of Questions: Approximately 60-70 questions.
Question Types: Multiple-choice, multiple-select, and true/false.
Duration: 90 minutes (1.5 hours).
Passing Score: The passing score is not publicly disclosed by CNCF.
Language: English.
Delivery Mode: Online proctored exam.

- Kubernetes Architecture:
- Master node components (API Server, Scheduler, Controller Manager, etcd)
- Worker node components (kubelet, kube-proxy, container runtime)
- Cluster communication and networking

- Kubernetes Objects:
- Pods, Deployments, Services, ConfigMaps, Secrets, Namespaces
- ReplicaSets, StatefulSets, DaemonSets
- Jobs and CronJobs

- Kubernetes Operations:
- Basic kubectl commands (create, get, describe, delete, apply)
- Debugging and troubleshooting
- Resource management (requests, limits, quotas)

- Pod, Node, Cluster
- API Server, etcd, kubelet
- YAML, manifest files
- Declarative vs. imperative commands

- Container Basics:
- Containerization concepts (Docker, container images, registries)
- Container lifecycle (start, stop, restart)

- Orchestration Features:
- Scaling applications (manual and autoscaling)
- Rolling updates and rollbacks
- Self-healing and fault tolerance

- Networking and Storage:
- Kubernetes networking model (Pod networking, Services, Ingress)
- Persistent Volumes (PVs) and Persistent Volume Claims (PVCs)
- Storage Classes

- Docker, OCI (Open Container Initiative)
- Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA)
- ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer
- Ingress Controller, CNI (Container Network Interface)

- Cloud-Native Principles:
- Microservices architecture
- DevOps and CI/CD pipelines
- Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

- Cloud-Native Tools:
- Helm (package manager for Kubernetes)
- Prometheus (monitoring and alerting)
- Envoy (service proxy)
- Istio (service mesh)

- Cloud-Native Security:
- Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
- Network policies
- Secrets management

- Microservices, monoliths
- CI/CD, GitOps
- Helm charts, Istio sidecar
- RBAC, NetworkPolicy

- Design Principles:
- Scalability, resilience, and portability
- Twelve-Factor App methodology

- Deployment Strategies:
- Blue-green deployments
- Canary deployments
- A/B testing

- Observability and Monitoring:
- Logging, metrics, and tracing
- Tools like Fluentd, Jaeger, and Grafana

- Twelve-Factor App
- Blue-green deployment, Canary release
- Observability, tracing, metrics

- CNCF Projects:
- Overview of CNCF projects
- Kubernetes
- Prometheus
- Envoy
- Helm
- Graduated, incubating, and sandbox projects

- Open Source and Community:
- Contribution to open-source projects
- CNCF community and resources

- Multi-Cloud and Hybrid Cloud:
- Running Kubernetes across multiple clouds
- Hybrid cloud strategies

- CNCF landscape
- Graduated projects, incubating projects
- Multi-cloud, hybrid cloud

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killexams.com Linux-Foundation KCNA
Kubernetes and Cloud Native Associate (KCNA)
https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/KCNA
Question: 562
What is not semantic versioning? A. 1.0.0
B. 2022-05-04
1. 1.0.0-alpha
2. 1.0.0-beta.2
semver.org/RegEx SemVer at https://regex101.com/r/vkijKf/1/
on: 563
ernetes, what is considered the primary cluster data source? (pronounce: esty-d)
erver elet duler
r: A ation:
kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/components/#etcd
Answer: B Explanation: https://
Questi
In Kub
1. etcd
2. api s
3. kub
4. sche
Answe Explan https://
Graphical user interface, text, application, email Description automatically generated
Question: 564
What are the two goals of Cloud-Native?
1. Rapid innovation and automation
2. Slow innovation and stable applications
3. Frequent deployments and well-defined organizational silos
4. Rapid innovation and reliability
Answer: D Explanation:
https://www.redhat.com/en/topics/cloud-native-apps
Question: 565
roject in this list is a leading project in the observability space? er
ss
ernetes
r: A ation:
github.com/cncf/landscape#trail-map
Which p
1. Jaeg
2. Vite
3. Argo
4. Kub
Answe Explan https://
Question: 566
What is scheduling in Kubernetes
1. Determining when to execute a cron-job
2. Assigning pods to nodes
3. Joining a new nodes to the clusters
4. Setting a time for automated tasks
Answer: B
cal user interface, application ption automatically generated on: 567
f the following are characteristics of Statefulsets? ered, graceful deployment and scaling
tes replica sets headless services
r: A
Explanation: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/
Graphi Descri Questi
Which o
1. Ord
2. Crea
3. Uses
Answe
Explanation: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/statefulset/
cal user interface, text, application, email ption automatically generated
on: 568
ontrol plane component is responsible for scheduling pods?
-proxy scheduler
elet
api-server
r: B ation:
kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/components/
Graphi Descri Questi
Which c
1. kube
2. kube
3. kub
4. kube
Answe Explan https://
Graphical user interface, text, application Description automatically generated Question: 569
What is a benefits of Kubernetes federation?
1. Avoids scalability limits on pods and nodes
2. Creates highly available clusters in different regions
3. Low latency
Answer: A,B,C
Question: 570
Which prometheus metric type represents a single number value that can increase and decrease over time?
1. Gauge
2. Histogram
3. Summary
r: A ation:
prometheus.io/docs/concepts/metric_types/#gauge
cal user interface, text
ption automatically generated
on: 571
OPA?
Permission Agent ne Policy Audit
Policy Agent
ine Policy Accessor
r: C
Counter
Answe Explan https://
Graphi Descri Questi
What is
1. Open
2. Onli
3. Open
4. Offl
Answe
Explanation:
https://www.cncf.io/projects/open-policy-agent-opa/
cal user interface, text, application, email ption automatically generated
on: 572
f the following is not the part of Kubernetes Control Plane? scheduler
(pronounce: esty-d) api-server
-proxy
r: D ation:
kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/components/
Graphi Descri Questi
Which o
1. kube
2. etcd
3. kube
4. kube
Answe Explan https://
Which access control component of Kubernetes is responsible for authorization and decides what requestor is allowed to do?
1. Service Account
2. Role-based access control �RBAC�
Deployment
r: B ation:
kubernetes.io/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/authorization/
Answe Explan https://
Which role is responsible of creating service level indicator �SLI�, service level objective �SLO�, & Service Level Agreements �SLA�
1. Site reliability engineer �SRE�
2. DevOps
3. GitOps
4. Security and compliance engineer
r: A ation:
www.atlassian.com/incident-management/kpis/sla-vs-slo-vs-sli
ption automatically generated
on: 575
Developer
Answe Explan https://
Text Descri Questi
Which is NOT a use case for the Kubernetes dashboard?
1. Troubleshooting any issues with applications
2. Managing running applications
3. Installing new Kubernetes cluster
4. Managing the entire Kubernetes cluster
Answer: C

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